40 gallon reef

Ok I will get 50lbs of key largo. Yes, I have a very thin sand bed for now. I think I would be happy with an inch sand bed. Would the goby( yellow watchman and pistol shrimp) survive in that depth of sand?

It would, yes. But it would thrive in a deeper sand bed. You should order the 40/40.

I will get that and maybe get 15-25 more lbs of rock when it is all established. I think a trio of peppermint shrimp would look good. Chances are I will not add the orange cardinal, but I will leave the urchin in my plan. I am dropping out the cardinal, because water quality should stay more stable yes? If not I will add a fire fish.

I don't see fish load as having a lot to do with water quality, especially in smaller aquariums. Before some one thinks I'm crazy let me explain. Generally in a marine tank the behavior of the fish will limit the number of fish long before you would even approach the limits of the filtration. So, if you want to eliminate the cardinal because you prefer other fish, then fine, but I don't think it will really impact water quality either way.

Ok I thought it would. So, I think a firefish will look nice.

Is there an articall out there about how to stock saltwater?

Would an algea screen here, Be helpfull?

Not that I'm aware of. But that can be taken care of.

Algae scrubbers are popular with a select group in this hobby. You will find that very few people have much experience with them, and that purchasing one is more expensive than a protein skimmer.

However, if you are handy they are not complicated to build. Of course, protein skimmers are also pretty simple to build.

If you add an algae scrubber I would encourage you to run both a skimmer and scrubber. Perhaps this will give you some motivation to do just that:
http://www.ultimatereef.com/TOTM/2007_jan/

ok I will build one. That tank is stunning.

Do I need to get 4" sand bed all at once?

I would add the sand bed all at once, yes. It will allow for the proper bacteria to develop at different depths within the sand.