Goldfish are really best kept with
Goldfish. I know the ranchu would appreciate some
Goldfish friends as they are a highly social species. So when you get an upgrade (and he will probably need one) you should look into
Goldfish buddies first.
As far as other fish that commonly work with
Goldfish, there aren't too many. If you have a large enough tank, dojo loaches can work sometimes. Some of the larger (but calmer) cyprinid species work. You want something that can't be swallowed, peaceful enough they won't bother the clumsy
Goldfish, and hardy enough to survive poor-er than normal water conditions.
For plants, you can try a lot of things, but it depends on your
Goldfish. Some will leave them alone, but others won't. Tough plants and fast-growing plants are what you want. Anarcharis,
Hornwort, and
Water Sprite fit into that first category. I have all three in my
Goldfish tank and they are outpacing the grazing.
Anubias and
Java Fern are the two tough plants that are usually recommended. Large swords will also do well, but they will need root tabs. All will benefit from liquid ferts, too.